Subject: Health Equity

A brief on research using the Tobacco Town computer model, which found that combination of retail policies can increase cigarette costs, thereby reducing disparities. [...]

A brief summarizing a paper describing the use of a computer model to test the effect of retail restrictions on retailer density, the cost of cigarettes, and the distance customers travel to buy cigarettes. The paper concluded that combining restrictions on menthol sales and retailer density could increase costs in low-income areas, and that the [...]

A paper suggesting that agent-based modeling may be an effective way to test the impact of retail-based tobacco. The paper concludes that context matters: limiting access to tobacco through retailer density reduction has varying results depending on community type. [...]

A paper describing the policy and sociodemographic environment of early adopters of local retail tobacco control policies. The paper found that localities with more resources were more likely to adopt such policies, while those with higher smoking rates and proportions of priority populations were less likely to do so. [...]

A study examining the effect of a buffer policy banning tobacco retailers from operating within 1000 feet of schools on disparities in tobacco retailer density. The authors found that such policies were most effective in low-income and racially diverse neighborhoods. [...]

A paper examining inequalities in tobacco outlet density at the census tract level across the U.S. by race, ethnicity, and income. The authors found that higher retailer density was associated with lower census tract income. [...]

A study using a model to the impact of minimum cigarette price laws and taxes on tobacco prices and consumption. The model found that minimum price laws are more effective than excise taxes in reducing income-based smoking disparities. [...]

A paper describing New York City’s experience and eventual success of its T21 and price policies. Key to its success were strong partnerships, public and political support, and ample local data. [...]

A report in a periodic series on the tobacco retail landscape, with recommendations for studying and addressing three key areas: retailer density, store assessment, and policy activity. [...]

A systematic review examining disparities in tobacco marketing, based on neighborhood socioeconomic characteristics. The authors found that lower-income neighborhoods have more tobacco marketing and that urban neighborhoods and those with more black residents had more menthol marketing. Smokeless tobacco was more heavily marketed in rural neighborhoods and those with white residents. [...]